Which Type of Budgeting Review Takes Place During the Execution Process
Contrary to what one might look from the budget process, nearly of the bodily horse-trading happens at a college level within the Pentagon during a carve up only related process to develop the five-year plan objective memorandum, well before the Army'due south budget request goes to Congress. The plan objective memorandum is the main document on which the services base of operations decisions on program telescopic and spending, with supporting information on missions, objectives and alternatives.
The National Defence force Authorization Act for Financial Year 2016 brought nigh a major shift in how these trades take place. Previously, the principal of staff delegated the verification of requirements to the deputy chief of staff, G-3 (operations and plans). With the passage of the legislation, Milley reinvigorated the blessing process with the direct involvement of his part and the vice master's.
"Now y'all've got the deep dives by the master of staff of the Army. And then the horse-trading is done by him," said Passero, who shepherds the budgeting and executes spending for combat systems and Soldier equipment through the program objective memorandum cycle.
That was from an excellent article by Margaret C. Roth on the defence budget called "No mysteries, delight." Read the whole affair.
Programs that don't do enough justification will exist targets by those in the Army, OSD, and Congress — they volition take funding abroad and provide it to programs which justified themselves amend to those echelons. There'south always a slew of "unfunded requirements" where goodies tin can be handed out.
Horse trading at the highest level sounds expert — the Principal of Staff has a "birds eye" view of the Army portfolio to make such tradeoffs. But at that place is also a knowledge problem. The conclusion maker relies on bits and pieces of information which filter through several layers of bureaucracy. And so there'southward another problem. The Chief of Staff serves about 4 years. The horse trading happens about ii-and-a-half years earlier the cribbing, which authorizes obligations and expenditures that will occur years later. In essence, the Chief of Staff will not be around to exist held accountable for whatsoever of the budget decisions he has made.
Here is an important point that often goes overlooked. The R&D and procurement budgets are put under the finest of microscopes past all fashion of bureaucracy. All requirements, activities, plans, costs, and then forth, must be justified. However, for operations and maintenance, every bit well every bit military personnel, the military services asking at a college level of detail:
In making decisions on the Army's [conquering] program funding requests… Congress dissects them down to "a very fine level of item: which widgets, why, how many and with what parts: how many dollars on function A of the widget, how many on office B," Miller explained. That is in contrast to the budgeting and distribution of operations and maintenance funds, whereby the Army organization requesting funds for operational training says more simply, "We're doing training" and Congress assigns resource for training….
Estimates of the O&M budget going to each weapon system are non readily available in the Army'due south justification books provided to Congress, but I've been told that O&One thousand budget estimates are bachelor the PPBE System database, the DOD Resources Information Warehouse (DRDW). Information technology's non clear to me where those figures come from and whether they are tracked, just they do not brand it into the President's budget request.
Much of this upkeep justification process, however, has been the same since Robert McNamara introduced information technology in 1961:
"Other than AFC'south [Army Futures Command'south] injection and some of the main'due south hand in the process, we're really executing the same PPB&East [planning, programming, budget and execution] procedure we've executed for years," Miller said.
Source: https://acquisitiontalk.com/2019/06/how-the-army-budget-process-works/
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